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continued...
3 outer longitudinal muscles run from
base of skull and palate vertically to attach to the thyroid cartilage: stylopharyngeus,
palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus. They are separated superiorly
by the superior constrictor muscle.
- From the styloid process (temporal bone) external to the superior constrictor
at base of skull.
- Descends and enters the pharyngeal cavity with IX (innervated by it) between
the superior and middle constrictor muscles (Gap#2).
- Only pharyngeal muscle to be innervated by CN IX
- Raises pharynx, elevates the larynx and pulls wall laterally during swallowing.
- From the soft palate (palatine aponeurosis) and lateral wall of the nasopharynx,
on the internal aspect of the superior constrictor muscle.
- The overlying mucosa forms the palatopharyngeal arch, posterior to the palatine
tonsil.
- Raises pharynx and pulls down soft palate
- A superior extension of the palatopharyngeus arises from the posterior edge
of Torus Tubarous of the Eustachian Tube onto the lateral nasal wall and the
cartilage of the auditory tube
- Raises pharynx
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Fibrous internal muscular fascia forming a submucosa:
"Pharyngobasilar fascia"
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Mucosal lining
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here to read about the divisions of the pharynx.